A water well refers to an excavation that is made into the ground for the purpose of accessing groundwater contained in underground aquifers. The excavation or structure is constructed through boring, digging, drilling, or driving using mechanical or manual means. The water contained in wells may be pumped out using machines or may be drawn using buckets and other forms of containers by hand. When in need of the best water well services TX is the right state to visit.
History indicates that the first instances of wells were made at least 8000 years ago. These structures varied a lot in their level of sophistication with some being simple scoops made in sediments of dried-up watercourse. On the other hand, others were so massive and sophisticated that they played a major role in livelihoods and civilization of certain ancient cities. Major examples of sophisticated wells are Stepwells, shadoofs, and sakiehs of India and the ganats of Iran.
Today, the types of wells in existence are very many. Common examples include driven, drilled, and dug wells. Ancient life and civilizations were dominated by dug wells. They supplied potable water but they had no pumps. These types of wells are still in use, particularly in rural regions.
Driven wells are constructed using a well hole structure. The structure is comprised of a screen and a hardened drive point. A tripod and a driver are used to hammer the drive point into the ground. Pipe sections are added to the system as necessary. Upon encountering the groundwater, all sediment created is washed from the well before a pump gets installed.
Various means are used to construct drilled wells. The most commonly used ones are table rotary, top-head rotary, and use of cable tool drilling equipment. These means use a drilling stem which has to be turned for the formation of a cutting action. Either machine of hand may be used to do the excavation. Hand drilling techniques include augering, sludging, hand percussion, jetting, and driving. On the contrary, machine drilling techniques include rotary, hammering, and percussion.
Two broad categories of drilled wells exist, that is, unconfined/shallow and deep/confined wells. Like the name suggests, shallow wells are only limited to the uppermost aquifer. On the contrary, deep wells are very deep and reach aquifers that are placed between two strata. Another classification of wells bases on what use they are put to. Under these classification, the two key categories are monitoring and production/pumping wells.
Various pieces of information about the area must be determined before excavation of any well begins. Some of the factors that must be determined include water table depth, rate, recharge area, seasonal fluctuation, and geology. Determination of these factors is the work of either hydrogeologists or groundwater surveyors. Some of the tools and methods used to find this information include geophysical imaging, geologic maps, and electro-seismic surveying.
Shallow sources are often used as a low-cost supply of potable groundwater. However, they are prone to contamination from various sources leading to health and other risks. Most waterborne diseases can be spread through contaminated wells. Dug and driven wells are very unreliable in the US because they are easily contaminated.
History indicates that the first instances of wells were made at least 8000 years ago. These structures varied a lot in their level of sophistication with some being simple scoops made in sediments of dried-up watercourse. On the other hand, others were so massive and sophisticated that they played a major role in livelihoods and civilization of certain ancient cities. Major examples of sophisticated wells are Stepwells, shadoofs, and sakiehs of India and the ganats of Iran.
Today, the types of wells in existence are very many. Common examples include driven, drilled, and dug wells. Ancient life and civilizations were dominated by dug wells. They supplied potable water but they had no pumps. These types of wells are still in use, particularly in rural regions.
Driven wells are constructed using a well hole structure. The structure is comprised of a screen and a hardened drive point. A tripod and a driver are used to hammer the drive point into the ground. Pipe sections are added to the system as necessary. Upon encountering the groundwater, all sediment created is washed from the well before a pump gets installed.
Various means are used to construct drilled wells. The most commonly used ones are table rotary, top-head rotary, and use of cable tool drilling equipment. These means use a drilling stem which has to be turned for the formation of a cutting action. Either machine of hand may be used to do the excavation. Hand drilling techniques include augering, sludging, hand percussion, jetting, and driving. On the contrary, machine drilling techniques include rotary, hammering, and percussion.
Two broad categories of drilled wells exist, that is, unconfined/shallow and deep/confined wells. Like the name suggests, shallow wells are only limited to the uppermost aquifer. On the contrary, deep wells are very deep and reach aquifers that are placed between two strata. Another classification of wells bases on what use they are put to. Under these classification, the two key categories are monitoring and production/pumping wells.
Various pieces of information about the area must be determined before excavation of any well begins. Some of the factors that must be determined include water table depth, rate, recharge area, seasonal fluctuation, and geology. Determination of these factors is the work of either hydrogeologists or groundwater surveyors. Some of the tools and methods used to find this information include geophysical imaging, geologic maps, and electro-seismic surveying.
Shallow sources are often used as a low-cost supply of potable groundwater. However, they are prone to contamination from various sources leading to health and other risks. Most waterborne diseases can be spread through contaminated wells. Dug and driven wells are very unreliable in the US because they are easily contaminated.
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